| 耐酸胶泥施工中的关键技术措施 |
| 添加时间：2018/6/15 15:47:13 浏览次数： |
| 耐酸胶泥施工中的关键技术措施 Key technical measures in the construction of acid resistant mud 耐酸胶泥施工关键是“干燥”,因为它的固化过程就是使生成的Si(OH)4逐渐脱水的过程。施工中特别要重视的是防水、防潮、保持干燥、干燥养护。这往往是决定成败的主要原因。为此需要采取相应的措施。 The key to the construction of acid resistant cement is "drying", because its curing process is the gradual dehydration of the generated Si (OH) 4. In construction, special attention should be paid to waterproofing, moisture-proof, keeping dry and dry curing. This is often the main reason for the success or failure. Accordingly, we need to take appropriate measures. 1)由于电厂、变电站的蓄电池室一般设在建筑物的底层,而底层的地坪、墙面都比较潮湿,水份很容易通过泥土和砖、石、混凝土的孔隙产生毛吸现象。为了防止这些现象发生,可采取两种措施。一是施工时沿外墙挖一条较深的排水沟,使附近土壤中的水流入沟中排走,减少泥土中的含水量,也就减少了室内地坪、墙面的潮湿来源。二是砌筑砖墙时采用防水砂浆做好防潮层。在混凝土地坪下做一层沥青卷材防水层,以此切断潮源。 1) because the battery room of the power plant and the substation is generally located at the bottom of the building, the floor and wall of the ground floor are wet, and the water is easily absorbed by the soil and the pores of the bricks, stone and concrete. In order to prevent these phenomena, two measures can be taken. First, in construction, a deeper drain is dug along the exterior wall, the water in the nearby soil is drained into the ditch, and the water content in the soil is reduced, and the moist source of the interior floor and wall surface is reduced. Two, when building brick walls, waterproofing mortar is used to make moistureproof layer. A waterproof layer of asphalt coiled material is made under the concrete floor to cut off the tidal source. 2)施工前可用竹席等材料将窗封闭,一方面减少室外潮湿空气的进入,另一方面有利于室内烘烤出的水蒸气排出。 2) before the construction, bamboo doors and other materials can be used to seal the windows. On the one hand, it can reduce the entry of humid air outside, and on the other hand, it is conducive to the discharge of water vapor from indoor baking. 3)施工最好选择在气候干燥的季节进行,但无论何时施工,都要事前在室内加热烘烤,烘烤时间因各种条件不同而异,一般以内墙反面干燥为准。当然,如果时间允许,越干燥越好。热源最好使用无尘热源,如电炉等。 3) the best choice in the dry season in the climate, but whenever the construction, all in front of the room heating and baking, baking time varies according to the various conditions, generally the inner wall is dry. Of course, if time permits, the more dry the better. The heat source is best used as a dust free heat source, such as an electric stove. 4)最好能在砌筑层表面事先根据瓷砖尺寸弹出或划出每块瓷砖的具体位置,将需要切割的瓷砖切割好。这样便于施工人员有条不紊地连续操作。 4) it is better to pop out or lay out the specific location of each tile on the surface of the masonry floor according to the size of the tile, and cut the tiles that need to be cut. This facilitates the orderly operation of the construction workers. 5)施工前应将挑选出的瓷砖清洁并干燥。 5) the tiles should be cleaned and dried before construction. 6)施工人员进入室内应换干净工作鞋,拌料人员应戴口罩(氟硅酸钠粉有毒) 。 6) the construction workers should wear clean work shoes when entering the room, and the mixing personnel should wear masks (toxic sodium fluosilicate powder). 7)砌筑耐酸瓷砖时要求采用挤浆法铺砌,将空气挤出。耐酸胶泥砌筑厚度控制在8mm 左右。 7) when building acid resistant tiles, it is required to use compaction method to pave the air. The masonry thickness of acid resistant mud is controlled at about 8mm. 8)施工时室温以20 ℃左右为宜。 8) at the time of construction, the room temperature is about 20 C. 9)耐酸胶泥要求干燥养护,严防水份进入,更不能为了清洁地面用水冲洗。若让其自然固化,室温在10～20 ℃,大约需要两周左右。室温在20 ℃～30 ℃时,大约需要一周左右。若室温低于10 ℃时则应加热养护,一则可以加速固化,另外可以干燥空气,利于固化。养护的最佳室温是30 ℃～35 ℃,这样只需要3 —5 天的养护时间就行了。原因是温度升高时氟硅酸钠的溶解度随温度升高而加大,导致耐酸胶泥的固化加快,强度增加。是不是养护温度越高越好呢? 不是。当温度升到60 ℃～80 ℃时,耐酸胶泥很快就固化了,但因耐酸胶泥固化过快产生的收缩与瓷砖的热膨胀造成瓷砖松动、脱落。在气温较低的情况下养护结束后不能一下子将热源撤走,温度的骤然下降也会因为各种材料温度收缩不一致而分离。 9) acid resistant cement requires dry curing, prevent water from entering, and can not clean water for cleaning the ground. If it is solidified naturally, it will take about two weeks at room temperature at 10~20 degrees centigrade. It takes about a week at room temperature from 20 to 30 degrees. If the room temperature is below 10 C, it should be heated and cured. First, it can accelerate the curing, and also dry the air, which is conducive to curing. The best room temperature for maintenance is 30 to 35 degrees, so it only takes 3 to 5 days for curing time. The reason is that the solubility of sodium fluosilicate increases with the increase of temperature when the temperature rises, resulting in the solidification of acid resistant cement and the increase of strength. Isn't the higher the curing temperature, the better? When the temperature rises to 60 to 80 degrees C, the acid resistant slime is quickly solidified, but the ceramic tile is loosened and shedding because of the shrinkage and the thermal expansion of the ceramic tile. When the temperature is low, the heat source can not be removed immediately after the maintenance, and the sudden drop of temperature will also be separated by the inconsistency of the temperature shrinkage of various materials. 10)胶泥养护结束后用40 %～50 %的硫酸液进行酸处理( 或用15 %～ 25 %的盐酸,或用40 %左右的硝酸均可) 。因为耐酸胶泥__中的水玻璃只有70 %左右与氟硅酸钠发生了反应。酸处理可以把多余的水玻璃反应为硫酸钠析出,并形成很好的硅酸胶泥,由此大大提高抗水性。每次酸处理均有硫酸钠白色粉末析出。 10) after the curing is finished, acid treatment is carried out with 40% ~ 50% sulfuric acid solution (or with 15% ~ 25% hydrochloric acid or 40% nitric acid). Because the acid glass is only about 70% or so with sodium silicate. Acid treatment can react the excess sodium silicate to sodium sulfate precipitation and form good silica gel, thereby greatly improving the water resistance. Every acid treatment has sodium sulfate and white powder precipitated. 第二次酸处理之前需第一次析出的硫酸钠粉末扫刷干净。每次酸处理的间隔时间最少5h 以上,一般以8h 为宜,否则上一次的酸化反应还不完全。一般酸处理4～5 次即可。以上作法是在多年施工中学习、研究、试验,不断摸索改进出来的,实践证明是成功的。 Before the second acid treatment, the first sodium sulphate powder should be cleaned and cleaned. The interval time of acid treatment is 5h or more, generally 8h is appropriate, otherwise the last acidification reaction is not complete. The general acid treatment is 4~5 times. The above method has been studied, researched and tested in many years of construction, and has been constantly explored and improved. Practice has proved to be successful. |
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